Apparatus for the liquefaction of air or other aeriform fluids.



PATENTED JAN. 13. 1903.

O. JOLY. APPARATUS POR THE LIQUEPAOTION OF AIR 0R OTHER ABRIFORM FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17. 1902.

No MODEL'.

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UNITED STATES `ATENT OFFICE.

CELESTE JOLY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO EDWIN JOSEPH RICHARDSON, BOYDELL GRAVES, AND BARNARD ALFRED SPAULL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR THE LIQUEFACTION 0F AIR 0R OTHER AERIFORM FLUlDS.

SPECIFICATON forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 718,572, dated. January 13, 1903. Application tiled February 17, 1902. Serial No. 94,635. (No model.)

. ing is a specification.

' This invention relates to an improve-: apparatus for the liquefactioaci air-and other aeriform iiuids.

In my improved apparatus cooled compressed gas from a suitable source enters the outer end of an inlet series of coils of pipe arranged in a series of thermally-insulated chambers. The inner coil of the said series extends and opens into the interior of a fluidtight vessel arranged in one of the said insulated chambers. This vessel is in communication at the top with the inlet of a pressuremaintaining valve, the outlet of which communicates with ya coil, which also extends down the said chamber, at the bottom of which it is connected through a three-Way passage with a thermally-insulated liquidfreceptacle and With-the inner end of an outlet series of coils, which extend through the insulated chambers above mentioned. By this means very advantageous results are obtained, the pressure of the compressed gas entering the -inlet-coils being much lower than has been required With the apparatus heretofore knc'vn.

My said invention also conpnses'otheriinprovements hereinafter set iorth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of an apparatus constructed according to my said invention.

The colnpressed gas, whose heat of compression has already been absorbed, enters the apparatus through a pipe l and is cooled in a coil 11 in a thermally-insulated chamber 2. From the coil 11 the cooled gas passes to -acoil12 in another thermally-insulated chamber 3. From the coil 12 the gas passes on into a coil 13 in a thermally-insulated chamber 4, Where it is still further cooled. From the coil 13 the cold gas passes into the upper .end of a coil 14, which extends from the top to near the bottom of a luid-tight thermallyinsulated vessel 5. The gas liquet'ies in this coil, which is open at its lower end, and passes into the vessel 5. The heat of condensation forces a portion of this liquid to evaporate, thereby augmenting the pressure in the said vessel. The vessel 5 is in communication at the top with the inlet side of a pressure-maintaining valve 6, provided With'an insulatingcover 7. The gas Which escapes through this valve expands in a coil 15, also extending from -the top to -the bottom of the vessel 5. This expansion produces intense cold, which causes most of the gas to liquefy and pass through the downwardly-extending branch of a three-Way connection 1G and through avalve 8 to a thermally-insulated receptacle 9, where it may be collected. The gas which does not liquet'y passes through the other branch of the connection 16 to the compressor through outlet-coils 17, 18, and 19, respectively, arranged in the chambers 4, 3, and 2, leaving the apparatus through the pipe 10. With such an arrangement the liquid is produced at the atmospheric pressure. The space between the inlet and outlet coils in the chambers 2 3 4 is filled With a material of high thermal conductivity, such as copper or other suitable metal or solid in a subdivided condition, so as to facilitate the transfer of heat between the said coils, or, if desired, a liquid of good thermal conductivity which freezes at a very low temperature, such as a solution of chlorid of calcium in alcohol, can be employed for this purpose. If desired, a cock can be provided for drawing off the liquid air in the vessel directly.

Having thus fully described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure b5 Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, in apparatus for lique. fying air an'd aeriform liuids, ot' thermallyinsulated chambers, inlet-coils of pipe with connections so as to form a continuous series contained in and extending through'saic' insulated chambers, an inner thermally-insulated vessel, a coil of pipe arranged in sai vessel and connected with said series of coils and opening Within said Vessel, a pressure maintaining valve having its inlet side ix communication with the interior of said Vessel, a coil of pipe'connected with the outlet side of said valve and extending through said vessel, a three-way connection at end of lastmentioned coil, a receptacle for the collection of the liquid and a series of outlet-coils of pipe extending through said insulated chambers for the outlet of the cold tf o '..vne'h hasV passed through the valve and which has not been retained in the liquid form,`substan tially as described.

2. The combination, in apparatus for liquefying air and aeriform iiuids, of thermallyinsulated chambers, inlet-coils of pipe with cgnnections so as to form a continuous series contained in and extending through said insulated chambers, an inner thermally-insulated vessel, a coil of pipe arranged in said Vessel and connected with said series of coils and opening within said vessel, a pressuremaintaining valve having its' inlet side in communication with the interior of said vessel, a coil of pipe connected with the outlet side of said valve and extending through said vessel, a three-way connection at the end of the last-mentioned coil, a receptacle for the collection of the liquid, a series of outletcoils of pipe connected at its inner end to said three-way connection and extending through said insulated chambers, and a substance of good thermal conductivity arranged in said insulated chambers between said inlet and outlet coils, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. I

CELESTE JOLY.

Witnesses:

JOHN T. KNoWLEs, ALEXANDER WILLIAM ALLEN. 

